Notes on Luke 22:14-22

Luke 22:14

The meal was eaten with everyone reclined on their sides, laying on cushion (v. 12; 11:37; 14:10; 17:7). Jesus and his disciples faced each other around the meal and their feet pointed outward.

Luke 22:15-16

This was a special time of friendship (John 13:1). It was the last night Jesus would have with the apostles he called, trained, and travelled with for three years. The next day, he would suffer and die for them on the cross (23:44-49). This meal looked back to the salvation God gave Israel during the Exodus (Exod. 12:1–13:10). But it also looked forward to the spiritual salvation God would bring his people through the death of Jesus (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb. 9:13-14). not eat. Jesus had a physical body after his resurrection and was capable of eating (24:41-43). He meant that the meal he shared then would not be shared again with his disciples. In this way, the Lord's Supper (vv. 19-20; 1 Cor. 11:17-34) anticipated the final meal Jesus will share with his people (Rev. 19:6-9). Passover. See note on 2:41-42. kingdom of God. See note on 4:43.

Luke 22:17-18

cup. Similar to his statement about eating a meal (v. 16), Jesus also said that he would not drink wine again until his return. kingdom. Jesus not only preached the kingdom (4:43) and brought the kingdom (10:9; 11:20), he is the embodiment of the kingdom (17:21). Thus, the fullness of the kingdom will come when Jesus himself comes again at the end of the age (21:27; 1 Cor. 15:22-28).

Luke 22:19-20

Jesus transformed and fulfilled the traditional Passover meal into something new, which is called The Lord's Supper (1 Cor. 11:20). Now he would be the focus of his people when they remembered their salvation (1 Cor. 11:26; Heb. 9:11-14). See WCF 29.3; WLC 169; BC 35; HC 75.

Luke 22:19

The bread and cup (v. 20) represent the body and blood of Jesus. for you. Jesus indicated that the giving of his body and blood in death was substitutionary. He would die for his people on the cross (Isa. 53:12; Col. 1:20). remembrance. The bread and the cup are a reminder of his saving death. They also remind God's people that the fullness of salvation in Jesus is yet to come (1 Cor. 11:26). See WLC 174.

Luke 22:20

new covenant. The old covenant between ancient Israel and God was fulfilled in Christ (Matt. 5:17-18; Rom. 10:4; 2 Cor. 1:20). Israel repeatedly failed to keep the old covenant, which is one reason why a new one was promised (2 Cor. 3:4–18; Heb. 7:19; 8:1-13). This covenant would be better without the insufficiencies of the Old Covenant (Heb. 8:10-11). blood. The new covenant was ratified with the shedding of blood just as the old covenant with Israel (Exod. 24:8; Heb. 9:11-28). There is no sacrifice in the meal. Jesus offered only once at the cross (Heb. 7:27; 9:12; 10:10). See WCF 7.4; 7.6; WLC 168.

Luke 22:21

Judas was already preparing to betray Jesus (vv. 3-6). Not everyone who claims to be a disciple is truly saved (Matt. 7:21-23).

Luke 22:22

Judas would betray Jesus to the Jewish leader (vv. 3-6; ). Then, they make false accusations about him to the Romans who executed him by crucifixion. Yet, God used these means to bring about his plan to bring salvation to his people (24:25-27; Acts 2:22-23; 4:24-28). Thus, the wicked actions of those involved will be judged (Mark 14:21; Acts 1:18-20). Son of Man. See note on 5:22-24. woe. See note on 6:20-26.

Related Resources

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.