Notes on Matthew 2:15-7:17

Out of Egypt I have called My son – Matthew 2:15

"Out of Egypt I have called my son." Once again Matthew connects Jesus' story to stories from the Old Testament, describing this as "fulfillment" (see note on Matt. 1:22). Joseph and Mary took the infant Jesus to Egypt to save him from Herod and when they returned, Matthew used Hosea 11:1 to connect Jesus with the story of God saving Israel from Egypt and to identify Jesus as God's Son (see also Matt. 3:17).

He sent and killed all the male children – Matthew 2:26

He sent and killed all the male children…two years old and under. Because he was afraid of being overthrown as king, the evil Herod killed all the male children in Bethlehem that were two years old and under. This shows that the arrival of the learned men in Jerusalem was around two years after Jesus' had been born, so these stories are from a later time than the stories about Jesus' birth in Luke 1–2.

Rachel weeping for her children – Matthew 2:17-18

Then was fulfilled … Rachel weeping for her children. With this fulfillment quotation from Jer. 31:15 Matthew connects Jesus' story to two important Old Testament texts — the story from Gen. 35:16-20 when Rachel wept for her other children as she died in childbirth, and Jeremiah's prophecy about the destruction of Jerusalem. The prophet Jeremiah used the example of Rachel weeping to describe the grief when God's people suffered in Jerusalem. Matthew continues this and applies these ideas to the grief in Bethlehem at the killing of the young boys.

Nazareth – Matthew 2:23

Went and lived in a city called Nazareth. After fleeing to Egypt to save Jesus, Joseph and Mary returned to Israel when an angel tells them Herod is dead (Matt. 2:19-20). But instead of returning to Judea, they moved far away to the north in Galilee, where Jesus will later begin his ministry (Matt. 4:12-25). Matthew describes Jesus as a Nazarene, not only because of his location, but probably also because of the idea that Nazarenes were dedicated and often despised (Num. 6:1-21; John 1:46) and also to connect Jesus with Isa. 11:1 that prophesied that the Christ would be a branch (Heb. netzer) coming from the root of Jesse, that is, in the line of King David.

John the Baptist - Matthew 3:1-17

The Gospel of Matthew is a biography about Jesus so every story is connected to him, though there are also some important secondary characters. John the Baptizer is one of the most important of these. This story introduces John and he will appear two more times in Matthew (Matt. 11:1-19; 14:1-12). In this story John is presented as a prophet who has come to prepare people for the Messiah's coming (Matt. 3:3), who preaches the same message of repentance because God's kingdom is coming to earth (Matt. 3:2; 4:17).

The Preparation for Ministry - Matthew 3:1-4:22

Chapters 3–4 are the second part (Matt. 3:1–4:22) of the overall introduction to Matthew's Gospel (Matt. 1:1–4:22), all of which describes who Jesus is and what he experienced in preparation for the beginning of his ministry.

Repent - Matthew 3:2

Repent. John's message is a call to reorient one's life. To repent is not primarily about an emotion of regret or guilt but a dedication of one's life in a new and deeper way toward God. John's message of repentance consists of turning away from patterns of life that are not aligned with God — the confession of one's sins (Matt. 3:6) — and turning toward God and his way of being and instructions — symbolized through the act of baptism (Matt. 3:6).

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